A framework for formal analysis of kundalini-associated phenomena was created when you look at the a psychological framework (Sannella, 1992)

Sannella arranged the latest signs (purpose evidence) and you may symptoms (personal meanings) away from exactly what he named physio-kundalini experience with the five basic classes: system, nerve, interpretive (i.e., affective and you can intellectual), and you may non-emotional (parapsychological otherwise anomalous) phenomena, while you are accepting these particular phenomena could be different factors of just one included feel (1992, p. 93). Engine phenomena incorporated a selection of spontaneous actions from effortless twitching, so you’re able to extended trembling and you may automatic presumption out of complex yogic positions; clear singing outbursts; uncommon breathing designs, plus quick breathing, shallow breathing, breathing, and you will longer inhale storage; and you will suspended postures like paralysis. Neurological phenomena integrated somatosensory (tingling, tickling, irritation, and vibrating sensations); heat (temperature and you may cold sensations); internal bulbs and visions; and inner sounds of a lot variety. Interpretive phenomena illustrated strange or extreme feelings; distortions regarding thought process; withdrawal out of regular view, ideas and you can sensations; dissociation out of an individual’s very own rational processes, potentially leading to delusions; that was titled solitary enjoying (a subjective state having a single perceptive source); and you will an effective high looks experience in which the kinesthetic experience appears to increase outside of the typical boundaries. Non-emotional phenomena incorporated away from muscles skills and you can paranormal psychic perceptions.

I requested this would offer a sharper perception out-of kundalini-associated expression more early in the day degree with tested event arising from modern source no prominent means otherwise philosophy (Taylor and you may Egete-Szabo, 2017; Lockley, 2019; Corneille and Luke, 2021; Woollacott et al

More recently, to measure kundalini-associated phenomena, experts have developed a great Kundalini Waking Measure (KAS; Sanches and you may Daniels, 2008). The latest KAS includes 76 things structured toward five subscales (Changes, Negative experiences, Confident enjoy, Unconscious positionings, and you will Real episodes) and an entire score. The brand new KAS factors have been generated off four number 1 supplies: an extensive private malfunction regarding thought kundalini effects (Krishna, 1993), medical data (Sannella, 1992), a theoretical conception (Bentov, 1988), and you can spiritual disaster really works (Grof and you may Grof, 1992), and some most unspecified reports away from kundalini waking.

A number of research has tested the results regarding reflection on KAS

Someone getting into a somewhat unstructured number of meditation techniques was indeed receive to have an optimistic relationship between negative event and full KAS results (Sanches and you will Daniels, 2008). In a typically scholar people, better a week day invested training meditation is actually for the highest KAS Total ratings (de Castro, 2015). The presence of deeper KAS Actual symptoms score (particularly, uncommon or unexpected tactile and you will temperature feelings, otherwise unusual breathing and muscle tissue hobby) is thought a potential pinpointing function of kundalini-related involvement when you look at the spiritually transformative feel (Corneille and Luke, 2021). Extra scales for the kundalini event have been designed regarding perspective from health-related criteria (Greyson, 1993a; Thalbourne and you may Fox, 1999).

Besides the positive effects classically of the meditation, recent research has and examined unfavorable reflection experience (Cebolla ainsi que al., 2017; Anderson mais aussi al., 2019; Schlosser mais aussi al., 2019; Farias mais aussi al., 2020; Goldberg et al., 2021; Lambert mais aussi al., 2021). Predicated on traditional Tantric Yoga levels, negative event throughout the reflection are thought to help you happen mainly due to the brand new early otherwise incorrect arousal out of kundalini, we.age., for the meditators devoid of adequate preparing (Krishna, 1993; Feuerstein, 1998). Alternatively, we had Akita in Japan bride been shopping for investigating kundalini-associated knowledge within the an example that would have had adequate preparation to own kundalini feel. Because notion of kundalini enjoys typically started directly linked to Tantric colleges off meditation, we focused on hiring a sample that has been expert such a system regarding meditation routine (Anandamurti, 1968). The main difference in the experience of an improper stimulation and you will a well-balanced arousal out of kundalini will be the presence out of an excellent pre-current psychological vulnerability that’s more easily conveyed if the right education and you may support aren’t present (Suchandra ainsi que al., 2021). Properties from experiences possess parallels for inappropriate and you will healthy stimulation requirements, in a kundalini syndrome (Valanciute and you may Thampy, 2011; Benning mais aussi al., 2018), they will have a lot more preferred turbulent and you may offending have. I centered especially for the meditators of Ananda Marga, a school regarding Tantric Yoga (Corby mais aussi al., 1978), as meditators of college or university discover specific meditation information which can be mainly similar across the somebody. , 2021). We predict the try might have a somewhat reasonable frequency out-of adverse knowledge as a result of new total techniques and you may medical studies.